Urooj Niazi 
It is important that students, educators, and other individuals who are concerned with the way the human body works know the distinction between respiration and breathing. Though these two terms are mostly used interchangeably, they signify two different biological processes. Breathing is a physical process whereby the gases are exchanged whereas respiration is a biochemical process whereby energy is released in the cell. The distinction between respiration and breathing is useful in understanding how the lungs and our cells do not act separately, as a result of which life is maintained. This paper defines, explains roles, classifications, and major differences to provide you with clear and orderly explanation.
What Is Breathing?
The process of breathing or ventilation is also a mechanical process. It consists of inhalation and exhalation- these movements are controlled by intercostal and diaphragm muscles. The oxygen gets into the lungs as the body inhales and the carbon dioxide gets out of the body as the body exhales. Breathing is an act, which is voluntary and involuntary. It can be managed during speaking, singing or exercise, or it will occur automatically with the respiratory centers of the brain.
What Is Respiration?
One biochemical process that occurs within the cells is respiration. It decomposes glucose through the aid of oxygen to produce energy (ATP). Respiration is of two types:
- Oxygen needed aerobic respiration.
- An anaerobic respiration, which takes place in the absence of oxygen.
The primary goal of respiration is the production of energy, and therefore it is needed in cell processes like its growth, repair, and movement.
Key Difference Between Respiration and Breathing
It is easier to understand the distinction between respiration and breathing using these fundamental differences:
1. Nature of the Process
- Breathing: Physical, mechanical activity.
- Respiration: Metabolic reaction, chemical.
2. Location
- Breathing: this occurs in the lungs.
- Respiration: This is a process of cells in the body.
3. Purpose
- Breathing: To deliver oxygen into the body and eliminate carbon dioxide.
- Respiration: To release energy by using oxygen.
4. Voluntary vs. Involuntary
- Respiration: In part voluntary.
- Breathing: Completely unconscious.
5. Energy Requirement
- Breathing: Minimal amount of energy needs to move the muscles.
- Respiration: Gives out the energy in breaking down glucose.
These differences clearly demonstrate the difference between the processes of respiration and breathing, as they are different and interdependent.
How Breathing Supports Respiration
Breathing and respiration act in synergy although they are quite different. Inhalation provides oxygen to the body to facilitate respiration and the carbon dioxide is removed in the process. The cells would not get oxygen without breathing and the breathing would be useless without respiration. This relationship helps in understanding the contrast between respiration and breathing and emphasizing their dependence on each other.
